选校必备干货|EA/ED/RD你该知道这些

发布时间：2023-08-09

2023-2024美本申请季已悄然来临，选校正当时，关于美本申请的类型、各个类型的优势和劣势、针对不同的申请类型应该注意的选校策略，你了解清楚了吗？

01申请类型名词解释

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美本申请的类型，通常分为提前申请【又分为早决定Early Decision (ED)、早行动Early Action (EA)和限制性早行动Restrictive Early Action(REA)/ Single-choice Early Action（SCEA）】、常规申请Regular Decision(RD)和滚动申请Rolling Admissions。具体的介绍如下：

1.早决定Early Decision (ED)

ED is a binding admission plan that requires you to commit to a first-choice college at the time of application and, if admitted, you agree to enroll and withdraw your other college applications. You, the student, a parent or guardian, and your high school counselor are all required to sign an Early Decision Agreement as confirmation that you understand the binding, restrictive nature of this decision plan and that you commit to the Agreement’s components. Colleges may offer ED I and II options with different deadlines. Most ED I deadlines fall in November and applicants will receive their decision by mid to-late December, while most ED II deadlines fall in January and applicants will receive their decision by the end of February. You may only have one active Early Decision application at a time. If admitted under an Early Decision plan, your deadline to officially enroll will be approximately two to four weeks after you receive your acceptance letter. Given the common deadlines, Early Decision I applications may only include your grades from freshman, sophomore, and junior year. It is more common for colleges to ask for mid-term or mid-semester grades from senior year with an Early Decision I application.

ED是有约束力的绑定性质的入学计划，如果被录取，申请人同意注册入学并撤回其他大学申请。学生，家长或监护人，以及高中counselor都需要签署一份提前决定协议，以确认申请人了解本决定计划的约束力和限制性，并承诺遵守协议的组成部分。

大学可能会提供ED I和ED II选项，约束绑定性质相同，但截止日期不同。大多数ED I的截止日期为11月，申请人将在12月中/下旬收到决定，而大多数ED II的截止日期为1月，申请人将在2月中/下旬收到决定。一次只有一所学校可以申请Early Decision。

重点解读：

申请者只能选择一所大学以 ED 的方式申请，在申请时必须签署 Early Decision Agreement（需学生本人，学生家长，school counselor 三方签字），一旦签署，意味着如果被该大学录取就一定会报到入学，且要撤销其他院校的申请。

2.早行动Early Action (EA)

Students apply by an earlier deadline—usually in November or early December—to receive a decision in advance of the college’s Regular Decision notification date. Decisions for Early Action applications are usually released between December–February. If admitted under an Early Action plan, you will typically have until May 1 to make your final enrollment decision.

学生在较早的截止日期前申请，通常是在11月或12月初，以便在大学的常规决定出结果日期之前收到决定。早期行动申请的决定通常在12月至2月之间公布。如果被早行动计划录取，通常要到次年5月1日才能做出最终的入学决定。

重点解读：

无捆绑约束，可以同时申请多所学校的EA，这种方式不要求学生被录取时必须接受该录取, 最晚5月1日前才需要决定是否接受录取。

3.限制性早行动(REA)/ （SCEA）

Restrictive/Single Choice Early Action (REA): Similar to Early Action, REA applicants apply by an earlier deadline—usually in November—to receive an admission decision in advance of the Regular Decision notification date. In addition to the earlier deadline, REA applications come with specific regulations and restrictions the applicant must abide by. The most common restrictions prohibit students from submitting either a) any Early Decision applications, b) any other Early Action applications, or c) both a and b. Very few colleges use REA plans and you should always consult their individual websites to confirm what their specific restrictions are. If admitted under a Restrictive Early Action plan, you will typically have until May 1 to make your final enrollment decision.

与早行动类似，限制性早申请的申请人在较早的截止日期(通常是11月)前申请，以便在常规决定通知日期之前收到录取决定。除了较早的截止日期外，限制性早申请还带有特定的规定和限制，申请人必须遵守。

最常见的限制是禁止学生提交a)任何提前决定ED申请，b)任何其他提前行动申请，或c) a和b两项申请。很少有大学使用REA计划，你应该查询学校的网站，以确认它们的具体限制是什么。如果在限制性早行动计划下被录取，你通常要到5月1日才能做出最终的入学决定。

重点解读：

单选提前行动 Single-choice Early Action（SCEA）和限制性提前行动 Restrictive Early Action（REA）是两种特殊的提前行动，是有排他性的，即限制你申请其他学校的 ED 和私立大学的 EA。

典型代表目前是耶鲁大学，明确声明你选择了 SCEA 之后，就不能同时申请其他学校的 ED 和其他私立学校的EA 了；换句话说，如果你申请了其他学校的 ED 或其他私立学校的 EA，就不能再申请耶鲁的 SCEA 了。但是录取结果是不绑定的，如果获得了录取，申请人可以在5月1日前决定是否接受录取入学。

4.常规申请Regular Decision(RD)

Students submit their applications by a specified deadline—usually in January or February—and are typically notified of their decision by the end of March or in early April. If admitted under a Regular Decision plan, you will typically have until May 1 to make your final enrollment decision.

学生在指定的截止日期前提交申请——通常是在1月或2月——通常会在3月底或4月初通知他们的决定。如果你是在常规录取计划下录取的，你通常要到5月1日才能做出最终的入学决定。

重点解读：

常规录取无任何关于捆绑承诺和唯一排他的性质，可以同时申请多所大学的常规录取，录取后，可在5月1日前自行决定去或不去。

5.滚动申请Rolling Admissions

Applications are reviewed as they are submitted and admissions offices render and release decisions throughout the admission cycle. Typically, with rolling applications, the earlier you apply, the earlier you hear back. Some institutions may have a final cut-off deadline late in the spring or summer, but many institutions keep rolling admissions open and available until they have filled their incoming first year class, sometimes up until the start date of the term for which you are applying.

申请提交完整就进行审理，招生办公室在整个录取周期内提供和发布决定。通常，对于滚动申请，您申请得越早，收到回复就越早。一些机构可能会在春季或夏季晚些时候有最后的截止日期，但许多机构会继续开放招生，直到他们招满了即将到来的第一年的学生人数才会截止。

重点解读

先到先审制；以循环方式，入学申请没有一定的截止日期，申请资料随时寄到就随时开始审核，以录满当年的名额限制为准。

但申请者要意识到，不要以为没有截止日期就可以不着急递交申请表。

大多数情况下，越早申请，被录取的机会就越大。因为虽然递交申请表没有截止日期，但奖学金、助学金和宿舍安排的申请却有截止日期。

02主要申请类型的利弊总结及选校建议

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